Brands
Makers of the catalogued models. Every note carries sources — including where the founding date itself is disputed.
Caran d'Ache
CH2 models in the catalogue · 1915
A Geneva maker of writing instruments and art materials. Products are both designed and manufactured in the company's own Geneva workshops — for this brand "Swiss Made" covers design and production alike, which sets it apart from makers that assemble elsewhere. It remains family-held.
Fisher Space Pen Company
US2 models in the catalogue · 1948
American pen manufacturer founded by Paul C. Fisher in 1948 as the Fisher Pen Company, initially in Chicago. The company later operated from Van Nuys, California, and moved manufacturing to Boulder City, Nevada in 1976, where its pens are still made. Its defining technology is the hermetically sealed pressurized cartridge: a reservoir charged with compressed nitrogen (about 310 kPa / 45 psi) pushes thixotropic gel ink to a tungsten carbide ball, letting the pen write at any angle, upside down, underwater and across a wide temperature range. After NASA testing the design flew on Apollo 7 in 1968. The brand's flagship model is the AG7, sold as the Original Astronaut Space Pen.
LAMY
DE4 models in the catalogue · 1930
C. Josef Lamy GmbH is a German writing-instrument manufacturer based in Heidelberg. It was founded in 1930 by C. Josef Lamy, who took over the Orthos fountain-pen works. The company builds its range around collaborations with external industrial designers (Franco Clivio designed the pico and the dialog, among others) and manufactures in Germany.
Parker Pen Company
US1 model in the catalogue · 1888
Writing-instrument maker founded in 1888 by George Safford Parker in Janesville, Wisconsin (US). One of the two largest pen sellers worldwide from the 1920s to the 1960s; its best-known designs are the Duofold (1921), Parker 51 (1941) and Jotter (1954), and its innovations include the 'Lucky Curve' feed and Quink quick-drying ink. After successive ownership changes (Gillette 1993, Newell Rubbermaid 2000) the brand belongs to Newell Brands. The Janesville and Newhaven (England) plants closed between 2009 and 2011, with manufacturing and the company seat moved to Nantes, France.
Pentel
JP2 models in the catalogue · 1946
Japanese maker of writing instruments and art materials, founded in Tokyo in 1946 as Dainippon Bungu Co. After the worldwide success of the Sign Pen fibre-tip (1963), the company adopted the name Pentel in 1971 — from "pen" and "tell". Known for mechanical pencils, markers and the EnerGel gel line (2001; over 1.2 billion units sold by 2023). On 1 April 2026 the legal entity was renamed Astrum Corporation as part of its integration into the Plus group; Pentel continues as the global product brand.
Pilot Corporation
JP4 models in the catalogue · 1918
Japanese writing-instrument manufacturer based in Tokyo; the company dates its founding to 1918. Alongside fountain pens it develops oil-based ballpoints with Acro ink, gel pens (G-2, Juice) and erasable FriXion products. The ergonomic Dr. Grip series, launched in 1991, is one of its longest-running lines and has spawned oil-based, gel, mechanical-pencil and multifunction variants.
Retro 51
US1 model in the catalogue · 1990
Retro 1951, Inc. (the Retro 51 brand) is a Texas-based American company founded in 1990, making retro-styled writing instruments. Its flagship product is the Tornado retractable rollerball, introduced in 1997 with its trademark knurled twist-top. In January 2020 the team announced a wind-down ("sabbatical"), but in January 2021 the brand was taken over by a group of three collectors; founder George Kartsotis retired, the core team stayed on, and production continues. Barrels are made in Taiwan; refills are supplied by Schmidt of Germany.
Sakura Color Products
JP1 model in the catalogue · 1921
Japanese maker of art materials and writing instruments, headquartered in Osaka (Morinomiya Chuo, Chuo-ku). The company chronicle dates the founding to 1921 as Nihon Crayon Shokai, renamed the same year to Sakura Crayon Shokai; the present name Sakura Color Products Corporation dates from 1970. The portfolio spans art materials (Cray-Pas oil pastels, 1925) and writing instruments: Pigma pigment markers (1982) and Ball Sign gel pens (1984), sold outside Japan under the Gelly Roll brand.
Société BIC
FR2 models in the catalogue · 1953
French manufacturer of writing instruments, lighters and shavers, headquartered in Clichy near Paris. The founding date depends on what one counts: Marcel Bich and Édouard Buffard set up a writing-instrument parts workshop in Clichy in 1945, while the company named Société BIC was created only in 1953. The first product sold under the BIC brand was the Cristal ballpoint, launched in France in 1950 after Bich bought László Biró's patent. BIC still makes the Cristal in its own plants in France, Brazil, Mexico and South Africa, producing its inks and its production machinery in-house.
uni (Mitsubishi Pencil Co., Ltd.)
JP2 models in the catalogue · 1887
Japanese writing-instrument maker founded in 1887 by Niroku Masaki as the Masaki Pencil Manufactory in Tokyo. It registered its three-diamond trademark in 1903 to commemorate its first pencils supplied to the communications ministry; the company is independent of the Mitsubishi conglomerate. Under the uni and uni-ball brands it makes the Jetstream, Signo and Kuru Toga lines, among others.
Zebra
JP2 models in the catalogue · 1897
Japanese writing-instrument maker headquartered in Tokyo (Shinjuku). The company's own history dates its origin to 1897, when Tokumatsu Ishikawa began producing the first domestically made metal nibs; the ZEBRA trademark was adopted in 1914, and some sources (including Wikipedia) date the company's founding from that year — hence the discrepancy. The US subsidiary, Zebra Pen Corporation, was founded in New York in August 1982 and markets the stainless-steel F-series (F-301, F-402, F-701) in the United States.